Access to intellectual property in biotechnology: constraints on the research enterprise
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Intellectual property rights (IPR) in biotechnology have a negative effect on the progress of non-profit research. Patent policy and law intend to facilitate research progress, but the current practice has led to barriers, which restrict the free exchange of information, threaten the health of scientific enterprise, and increase the cost of.
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1994
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NABC
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Agricultural biotechnology; intellectual property rights; IPR; gene transfer; genetic engineering; genum mapping; patents; research exemption; stakeholder rights,
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Government Document
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
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book chapter